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Melbourne is a former market town in South Derbyshire, England.〔http://www.south-derbys.gov.uk/business/town_centres/melbourne/default.asp〕 It is about south of Derby, north of Swadlincote and from the River Trent. In 1837 a then tiny settlement in Australia was named after William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, Queen Victoria's first Prime Minister, and thus indirectly takes its name from the village. ==History== The name Melbourne means "mill stream" i.e. the mill by the stream. It was first recorded in Domesday Book (DB 1086 Mileburne = mill stream) as a royal manor. A parish church was built around 1120. In 1311 Robert de Holand fortified the existing royal manor house to create Melbourne Castle, though the fortification was never completed. Jean, duc de Bourbon, the most important French prisoner taken at the Battle of Agincourt (1416), was detained at the castle for 19 years. Mary, Queen of Scots was to be imprisoned at Melbourne Castle, but it had deteriorated into a poor state of repair. By the early 17th century it had fallen into decay and was demolished, although some remains can still be seen.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Melbourne Castle )〕 Melbourne Hall was originally owned by the church; it was constructed in stages, mainly in the 17th and 18th centuries. During the Second World War a military training railway was operated to the north of the now defunct Melbourne railway station. Since 2005 Melbourne has run an arts festival every September. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Melbourne, Derbyshire」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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